Any of the airmen who had served over 3 years on the Home Front would also have earned a Defence Medal.Commonwealth aircrew received additional medals as the Canadian government awarded their personnel the Canadian Volunteer Service Medal 1939–47 with a silver maple leaf clasp for service overseas, the Australian government awarded their personnel the Australia Service Medal 1939–45, the New Zealand government awarded their personnel the New Zealand War Service Medal 1939–45, the South Africans, South Rhodesians and Newfoundlanders all received their own service medals also.Many biographies and auto-biographies of aircrew record that, facing a very limited life expectancy, airmen frequently adopted mascots and superstitions, holding to a belief that if they adhered to a particular custom or carried a specific talisman with them, then they would "get home in time for breakfast".Either flying as a "spare bod" to cover for sickness in another crew or having a "spare bod" fly in their own crew was not popular.The "LMF" label could be applied equally to a young man who, after completing training, did not have the courage to fly on his very first operation or to a highly experienced member of aircrew who had flown almost enough "ops" to complete his tour but had been wounded in action and after recovery did not wish to fly again. RAF Bomber Command was created in 1936 and comprised the RAF's light and heavy bomber squadrons. Two incidents of individual escaped prisoners of war disappearing completely are recorded, Most aircrew who flew operationally received the 1939–45 Star, the Aircrew Europe Star and the War Medal 1939–45 for their service if they flew during the period September 1939 to late April 1944. These are the key roles and responsibilities of a heavy bomber crew during the Second World War. Their bombs were scattered far and wide. Starved of fuel, the German military machine ground to a halt. Night fighters continued to hunt along the returning bomber stream, claiming victims back towards the American escort fighters shot the Luftwaffe out of the sky. 83 Squadron in June 1942.
By this date seven squadrons were equipped with the new bomber, which went on to become the most important and numerous of Bomber Command's 'heavies'.In 1943 new tactics and technology enabled crews to find and hit their targets with increasing precision. This modest force gave Britain the means to immediately strike back at Nazi Germany, but only against strictly military targets at first.
During this time bombers were under constant attack.
The introduction of heavy bombers with four engines brought the necessity of engine management and a new trade entered service with these aircraft. A successful offensive was launched against Germany's vulnerable fuel supplies.
Over the course of the war, it developed from a limited and relatively ineffective force into a weapon of immense destructive power.
A record 4,851 tons of bombs were dropped on Dortmund in a single night. An elite Pathfinder Force guided the bombers using coloured marker flares. flying over target areas below which were like "Dante's Inferno",After making their attack the crew would head away from the target area, making as much speed as possible on the track for home while avoiding known flak concentrations and fighter hot-spots. Early raids against warships and airfields were conducted in daylight, but bomber aircraft were easy targets for enemy fighters and losses were heavy.
Therefore, a total of 75,446 airmen (60 percent of operational airmen) were killed, wounded or taken prisoner.On completion of basic military training aircrew candidates would wear a white flash on the front of their service issue "side caps" denoting their "aircrew under training" status. 6 Group Handley Page Halifax bomber in October, 1944. But plans to hit specific factories proved impractical as crews invariably failed to identify individual factories and refineries in the darkness.
Harris continued his city attacks, still convinced they would prove decisive. 9 Squadron shortly before the outbreak of war. Pictured here are Boeing B-17s of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) on a raid against the Focke-Wulf factory at In 1945 the bomber offensive reached the peak of its destruction. 87 Squadron (RAF) BEF, France: 1939-May 1940; Fighter … On arrival back at base, the bombers were granted permission to land based on their fuel reserves, wounded crewmen and battle damage.In the late spring of 1944, when operations were being flown to less distant targets, often in preparation for The Pathfinder crews in turn released their target indicators on different marker flares laid for them by their leader, who flew minutes ahead in a de Havilland Mosquito light bomber to identify the precise target buildings at very low level. 110 Squadron in June 1940.
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